Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think and act like humans. These systems can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as understanding natural language, recognizing patterns, solving problems, learning from experience, and making decisions. AI encompasses a variety of technologies, including Machine Learning (where algorithms improve through data), natural language processing (enabling machines to understand and generate human language), robotics, and computer vision.

AI can be categorized into two main types: narrow AI, which is designed to perform specific tasks (like virtual assistants and recommendation systems), and artificial general intelligence (AGI), which refers to a theoretical form of AI that possesses the ability to perform any cognitive task that a human can do. While narrow AI is prevalent in various applications today, AGI remains a goal for researchers and developers in the field.

The development and application of AI have significant implications across many sectors, including healthcare, finance, transportation, and entertainment, leading to enhanced efficiency, automation, and innovation. However, it also raises ethical and societal concerns, such as job displacement, privacy issues, and the need for responsible AI practices.