Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, particularly computer systems. These processes include learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using it), reasoning (the ability to process and apply knowledge to reach conclusions), and self-correction. AI systems can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and language translation.

AI can be categorized into two main types: narrow AI, which is designed to perform specific tasks (like virtual assistants or recommendation systems), and general AI, which aims to understand or learn any intellectual task that a human being can do (this type remains largely theoretical at present).

The technology behind AI encompasses various subfields, including Machine Learning, where algorithms allow computers to learn from and make predictions based on data; neural networks, inspired by the human brain, which are particularly effective in pattern recognition; and natural language processing, which enables machines to understand and interact using human language.

AI has a wide range of applications, from enhancing efficiency in industries such as manufacturing and healthcare to improving user experiences in consumer products and services. Its rapid development raises both opportunities and challenges, including ethical considerations around data privacy, misinformation, and the implications of automation on employment.