Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think and learn like humans. It encompasses a variety of technologies and methodologies that enable computers to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. These tasks include problem-solving, understanding natural language, recognizing patterns, learning from experience, and making decisions.

AI can be categorized broadly into two types: narrow AI and general AI. Narrow AI, also known as weak AI, is designed to perform specific tasks, such as language translation, facial recognition, or playing games. In contrast, general AI, or strong AI, aims to replicate human cognitive abilities in any given situation, though this level of AI remains theoretical and has not yet been achieved.

The development of AI involves various subfields, including machine learning—which allows systems to learn from data without being explicitly programmed—natural language processing (NLP), computer vision, and robotics. AI technologies are increasingly integrated into everyday applications, enhancing efficiency and automation across multiple sectors, from healthcare and finance to transportation and entertainment. As AI continues to evolve, it raises important ethical and societal considerations, including issues related to job displacement, privacy, and bias, urging continuous dialogue and governance in its implementation.