Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the capability of a machine or computer system to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. This includes abilities such as understanding natural language, recognizing patterns, solving problems, learning from experience, and making decisions. AI encompasses a broad range of technologies and methodologies, including machine learning, where algorithms learn from data to improve their performance over time; deep learning, which uses neural networks to simulate human brain function; and natural language processing, which allows machines to comprehend and respond to human language. AI applications are diverse and widespread, ranging from virtual assistants like Siri and Alexa to self-driving cars and advanced medical diagnostics, demonstrating its transformative potential across various industries.