Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by computer systems and software. This encompasses a variety of capabilities, such as learning from experience (machine learning), understanding and processing natural language (natural language processing), recognizing patterns (computer vision), and making decisions or predictions based on data. AI can be categorized into two main types: narrow AI, which is designed to perform a specific task (like voice assistants or recommendation systems), and general AI, which aims to perform any intellectual task that a human can. The goal of AI research is to create systems that can function autonomously and demonstrate cognitive functions similar to those of humans, enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and capabilities across numerous fields and applications.