Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the branch of computer science focused on creating systems that can perform tasks typically requiring human intelligence. These tasks include reasoning, learning, problem-solving, perception, language understanding, and decision-making. AI systems can be classified into two main categories: narrow AI, which is designed for specific tasks, and general AI, which aims to perform any intellectual task that a human can do.

Narrow AI is widely used today and includes applications like virtual assistants (e.g., Siri, Alexa), recommendation systems (e.g., Netflix, Amazon), and image recognition software. In contrast, general AI remains a theoretical concept, as it would require a system capable of understanding and reasoning across diverse domains on par with human cognitive abilities.

AI encompasses various techniques and methodologies, including Machine Learning, where algorithms learn from and make predictions based on data; Deep Learning, which involves neural networks with multiple layers; and natural language processing, which enables machines to understand and interact using human language. As AI continues to evolve, it holds the potential to transform industries, enhance productivity, and influence numerous aspects of daily life.