Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the branch of computer science that focuses on creating systems capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence. This encompasses a wide array of functionalities, including understanding natural language, recognizing patterns, solving problems, learning from experience, and making decisions.

AI can be classified into two main categories: narrow AI and general AI. Narrow AI, also known as weak AI, is designed to perform specific tasks—such as facial recognition or language translation—while general AI, or strong AI, aims to possess the ability to perform any intellectual task that a human can do.

The development of AI relies on various approaches, including Machine Learning (where systems learn from data and improve over time), Deep Learning (a subset of Machine Learning utilizing neural networks), and rule-based systems (which follow predefined rules to arrive at conclusions). As AI technology advances, it is increasingly integrated into various industries, facilitating enhanced efficiency, productivity, and innovation in fields like healthcare, finance, transportation, and more. However, ethical considerations and potential societal impacts continue to be important areas of discussion as AI evolves.