Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by computer systems. This includes the ability to learn (acquisition of information and rules for using it), reason (using the rules to reach approximate or definite conclusions), and self-correct. AI can be classified into two main types: narrow AI, which is designed to perform a specific task (such as facial recognition or language translation), and general AI, which would possess the ability to understand and learn any intellectual task that a human being can do.

AI technologies often involve Machine Learning, where algorithms improve performance through experience, and Deep Learning, which utilizes neural networks to analyze vast amounts of data. The applications of AI span various fields, including healthcare (diagnosis, personalized medicine), finance (fraud detection, trading automation), transportation (autonomous vehicles), and customer service (chatbots, virtual assistants), showcasing its profound impact on society and various industries.