Artificial intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science focused on creating systems or machines that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. This encompasses a range of capabilities, including learning (machine learning), reasoning, problem-solving, perception, understanding natural language, and even social intelligence.

AI can be categorized into two main types: narrow AI and general AI. Narrow AI refers to systems that are designed and trained for a specific task, such as voice recognition, image analysis, or playing chess. These systems operate within a limited context and cannot perform outside of their designated functions. In contrast, general AI refers to a theoretical form of AI that possesses the ability to understand, learn, and apply intelligence across a broad range of tasks, similar to human cognitive abilities. As of now, general AI remains largely a concept rather than a reality.

AI technology has a wide array of applications, including in healthcare for diagnosing diseases, in finance for fraud detection, in autonomous vehicles for navigation and decision-making, and in customer service through chatbots and virtual assistants. The development of AI raises important ethical considerations, including issues of bias, privacy, and the potential impact on employment and society at large.

Overall, AI aims to augment human capabilities, streamline processes, and solve complex problems, fundamentally altering how we interact with technology and each other.