Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by computer systems. These processes include learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using it), reasoning (the ability to use rules to reach conclusions), and self-correction. AI can be categorized into two main types: narrow AI, which is designed to perform a specific task (like facial recognition or internet searches), and general AI, which would have the ability to understand, learn, and apply intelligence across a wide range of tasks—similar to human cognitive abilities.

AI technologies leverage various subfields, including Machine Learning, natural language processing, robotics, and computer vision. Machine Learning, a critical component of AI, involves feeding algorithms vast amounts of data, allowing them to recognize patterns and make decisions based on that data. Natural language processing enables machines to understand and interact using human language, while computer vision equips them to interpret and make decisions based on visual data.

AI has numerous applications across industries, such as healthcare (for diagnostics and personalized treatment plans), finance (for fraud detection and automated trading), transportation (in autonomous vehicles), and customer service (through chatbots). As AI technology continues to evolve, its impact on society and various sectors is expected to grow, prompting ongoing discussions about ethics, privacy, and the future of work.