Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think, learn, and perform tasks typically associated with human cognitive functions. This includes capabilities such as understanding natural language, recognizing patterns, solving problems, and making decisions. AI systems can be categorized into two main types: narrow AI, which is designed for specific tasks like virtual assistants or recommendation systems, and general AI, which aims to possess the ability to understand and perform any intellectual task that a human being can do. The field of AI encompasses various sub-disciplines, including machine learning, where algorithms improve through experience; natural language processing, which enables machines to understand and respond to human language; and computer vision, allowing machines to interpret visual information. As AI technology evolves, it holds significant potential to transform industries, enhance productivity, and drive innovation across multiple sectors, but it also raises ethical considerations and challenges related to job displacement, privacy, and decision-making transparency.