Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, particularly computer systems. This field encompasses a variety of capabilities, including learning, reasoning, perception, and language understanding. AI systems can analyze data, recognize patterns, make decisions, and even perform tasks that typically require human cognition.

There are two primary types of AI: narrow AI and general AI. Narrow AI, also known as weak AI, is designed to perform a specific task, such as facial recognition or language translation. These systems operate under a limited set of constraints and do not possess consciousness or self-awareness. On the other hand, general AI, or strong AI, refers to a theoretical form of AI where machines possess the ability to understand, learn, and apply intelligence in a manner indistinguishable from human beings across a broad range of tasks.

AI technologies include machine learning, where algorithms are trained on large datasets to improve their performance over time; natural language processing, which enables machines to understand and generate human language; and computer vision, which allows systems to interpret visual data from the world.

AI has diverse applications across various domains, including healthcare for diagnostic purposes, finance for fraud detection, autonomous vehicles for navigation, and customer service through chatbots. The rapid advancements in AI continue to raise important ethical considerations and implications for society, including issues related to privacy, bias, and employment.