Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, particularly computer systems. These processes include learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using it), reasoning (the use of rules to reach approximate or definite conclusions), problem-solving (the ability to find solutions to complex issues), perception (the interpreting of sensory input), and natural language processing (the ability to understand and generate human language). AI encompasses a range of technologies, including machine learning, neural networks, deep learning, and natural language processing, among others. It is used in various applications, from virtual assistants and chatbots to autonomous vehicles and predictive analytics, fundamentally changing how we interact with technology and how industries operate. The field continues to advance rapidly, with ongoing research aimed at developing more sophisticated systems that can perform tasks that require human-like cognition.