Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, particularly computer systems. These processes include learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI systems can be categorized into two main types: narrow AI, which is designed for specific tasks such as facial recognition or natural language processing, and general AI, which would possess the ability to understand, learn, and apply intelligence across a wide range of tasks, similar to a human being. AI technologies rely on various techniques, including machine learning, where algorithms are trained on large datasets to improve their performance over time, and deep learning, a subset of machine learning that uses neural networks with many layers to analyze complex data patterns. The applications of AI are diverse and can be found in areas like healthcare, finance, transportation, and entertainment, leading to significant advancements and efficiencies in these fields.