Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, particularly computer systems. These processes include learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, language understanding, and even potentially creative tasks. AI can be categorized into two main types: narrow AI, which is designed for specific tasks (like language translation or image recognition), and general AI, which would possess the ability to understand, learn, and apply intelligence across a wide range of tasks at a level comparable to that of a human being. AI technologies encompass various tools and methodologies, including machine learning, neural networks, natural language processing, and robotics, and are increasingly being integrated into diverse sectors such as healthcare, finance, transportation, and entertainment to improve efficiency, optimize processes, and enhance decision making.