Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, particularly computer systems. This encompasses a range of capabilities, including the ability to learn, reason, and self-correct. AI can be categorized into several domains, such as Machine Learning, where systems improve their performance based on data; natural language processing, which enables machines to understand and generate human language; and computer vision, allowing machines to interpret and analyze visual information.

AI systems can be classified into two main types: narrow AI and general AI. Narrow AI, which is predominant today, is designed to perform specific tasks, such as virtual personal assistants, recommendation systems, and image recognition software. In contrast, general AI, which remains largely theoretical, would possess the ability to understand, learn, and apply knowledge across a wide range of tasks at a level comparable to human intelligence.

The development of AI relies on advances in algorithms, computing power, and vast amounts of data, which enable machines to recognize patterns, make decisions, and solve problems efficiently. As AI technology continues to evolve, it has the potential to transform industries, enhance productivity, and improve the quality of life, while also raising ethical and social concerns that necessitate careful consideration.