Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, particularly computer systems. It encompasses a wide range of capabilities, including learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using it), reasoning (using rules to reach approximate or definite conclusions), and self-correction. AI technologies can be categorized into two main types: narrow AI, which is designed for a specific task (like speech recognition or image classification), and general AI, which aims to perform any intellectual task that a human can do.

AI operates through various methods and technologies, including Machine Learning, where algorithms learn from data patterns; natural language processing, which enables machines to understand and respond to human language; and robotics, which involves designing intelligent machines capable of performing tasks autonomously. The applications of AI are vast, ranging from virtual assistants like Siri and Alexa to advanced systems in healthcare, finance, and transportation, such as autonomous vehicles and predictive analytics.

As AI continues to advance, it raises important ethical and societal questions regarding its impact on employment, privacy, and decision-making processes, prompting ongoing discussions about regulations, fairness, and the potential risks associated with its widespread use.