When comparing two URLs, several factors can differentiate them. Here are key points to consider:
Domain Name:
The most noticeable difference could be in the domain names, which are crucial for branding and can affect SEO rankings.
Protocol:
Check if one uses http and the other https. The latter is more secure and preferred by search engines.
Subdomain:
One URL might have a subdomain (e.g., blog.example.com), which can signify different sections of a website and impact SEO differently.
Path:
Differences in the path (everything after the domain) can imply different pages or sections within the same website.
Query Strings:
URLs might include query parameters (?key=value) that can affect how search engines perceive content uniqueness and relevance.
Case Sensitivity:
Depending on the server, the URLs might be case-sensitive. This can lead to different pages, especially on Linux servers.
Trailing Slashes:
Adding or omitting a trailing slash can lead to different pages being served or SEO implications if not handled correctly.
Port Number:
Though less common, different ports (example.com:8080) can serve different content.
Hash Fragments:
These are URL components following a hash (#) that are typically used for on-page navigation and generally do not affect SEO.

Understanding these differences is essential for website management, ensuring proper SEO practices, and avoiding duplicate content issues. Analyzing these aspects can help in making the site more search-engine-friendly and user-friendly.