Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, particularly computer systems. These processes include learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using it), reasoning (using rules to reach approximate or definite conclusions), and self-correction. AI can be categorized into two main types: narrow AI, which is designed to perform a specific task (like voice recognition or image classification), and general AI, which has the ability to understand, learn, and apply knowledge across a wide range of tasks like a human would.

AI technologies encompass various subfields, such as Machine Learning, where algorithms improve through experience, and natural language processing, which enables machines to understand and interpret human language. Applications of AI are diverse and include virtual assistants like Siri and Alexa, automated customer service chatbots, recommendation systems on platforms like Netflix and Amazon, and advanced robotics used in manufacturing and healthcare.

The impact of AI is profound, transforming industries and improving efficiencies, but it also raises ethical considerations, such as job displacement and the control of algorithms. As AI continues to develop, it holds the potential to shape the future of technology and its interaction with society.