Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the development of computer systems that are capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence. This includes a range of capabilities such as understanding natural language, recognizing speech, making decisions, solving complex problems, and learning from experience. AI is built on various methodologies, including Machine Learning, where algorithms are trained on large datasets to improve their performance over time, and Deep Learning, which uses neural networks to model and understand more complex patterns.

AI can be categorized into two main types: narrow AI and general AI. Narrow AI, also known as weak AI, refers to systems that are designed to handle specific tasks, such as voice assistants like Siri and Alexa, recommendation systems on streaming platforms, and image recognition software. General AI, or strong AI, would encompass systems that possess the ability to understand and learn any intellectual task that a human can do, though such systems remain largely theoretical at this point.

AI technologies are increasingly integrated into various industries, driving innovation in fields such as healthcare, finance, transportation, and education. The continued advancement of AI raises important ethical considerations and challenges, including issues related to privacy, bias, and the potential displacement of jobs. As AI continues to evolve, it has the potential to significantly transform the way we live and work.