Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the capability of a machine or computer system to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. This encompasses a wide range of functions, including learning from experience (machine learning), understanding natural language, recognizing patterns, solving problems, and making decisions. AI systems can be classified into two primary categories: narrow AI, which is designed to perform specific tasks (like voice assistants or recommendation systems), and general AI, which would possess the ability to understand, learn, and apply intelligence across a diverse range of activities, similar to human cognitive abilities.

AI technologies are powered by various subfields, such as Machine Learning, which involves algorithms that enable systems to learn from data and improve over time; natural language processing (NLP), which focuses on the interaction between computers and human language; and computer vision, which allows machines to interpret and make decisions based on visual data. The applications of AI are extensive, spanning sectors such as healthcare, finance, transportation, and entertainment, fundamentally transforming how these industries operate and enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and innovation.