Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think, learn, and perform tasks that typically require human-like cognitive functions. This encompasses a range of techniques, including Machine Learning, where algorithms are used to analyze data, identify patterns, and improve performance over time, as well as natural language processing, which enables machines to understand and generate human language.

AI systems can be categorized into two main types: narrow AI, which is designed for specific tasks (like language translation or image recognition), and general AI, which would possess the ability to understand, learn, and apply intelligence across a broad range of tasks, much like a human.

Applications of AI are increasingly widespread, impacting various fields such as healthcare, finance, transportation, and entertainment, where they enhance efficiency, provide insights, and offer automation. The development of AI raises important discussions about ethics, accountability, and the implications for employment and society as a whole.