Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by computer systems. This encompasses a wide range of capabilities, including learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, understanding natural language, and even physical tasks. AI can be categorized into two main types: narrow AI, which is designed for specific tasks (like voice recognition or playing chess), and general AI, which aims to perform any intellectual task that a human can do.

AI systems employ various techniques, such as Machine Learning, where algorithms are trained on large datasets to identify patterns and make predictions, and Deep Learning, which utilizes neural networks to process complex data like images and language. The applications of AI span multiple industries, including healthcare, finance, transportation, and entertainment, and continue to evolve, driving advancements in automation, data analysis, and beyond.