Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by computer systems. It encompasses a range of technologies that enable machines to perform tasks that typically require human intellect, such as understanding natural language, recognizing patterns, solving problems, and making decisions. AI can be categorized into various types, including:
Narrow AI: Also known as weak AI, this type is designed to perform a specific task, such as voice recognition through virtual assistants like Siri or Alexa, or facial recognition software.
General AI: Also referred to as strong AI, this hypothetical form of AI would possess the ability to understand and learn any intellectual task that a human can. As of now, general AI remains largely theoretical and has not yet been realized.

AI technologies can further include machine learning, where systems learn from data and improve their performance over time, and deep learning, which employs neural networks to analyze complex data patterns.

Applications of AI are vast and varied, spanning industries such as healthcare, finance, transportation, and entertainment. From predictive analytics in marketing to autonomous vehicles navigating city streets, AI is transforming the way we interact with technology and perform everyday tasks.