Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by computer systems. It encompasses a range of technologies designed to perform tasks that typically require human-like cognitive functions, such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, language understanding, and decision-making.

AI can be categorized into two main types: narrow AI and general AI. Narrow AI is designed to handle specific tasks – for instance, virtual assistants like Siri or Alexa, recommendation systems like those used by Netflix, or even sophisticated image recognition systems. On the other hand, general AI, which remains largely theoretical as of now, would possess the ability to understand, learn, and apply knowledge across a broad range of tasks at a level comparable to that of a human.

AI technologies use various methods, including Machine Learning (where systems improve their performance through experience), natural language processing (allowing for interaction in human language), and robotics (integrating physical tasks). The applications of Artificial Intelligence are vast, spanning industries such as healthcare, finance, transportation, and entertainment, significantly influencing how we live and work today.