Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the capability of a machine to imitate intelligent human behavior. It encompasses various technologies and software designed to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. These tasks include problem-solving, understanding natural language, recognizing patterns, learning from experience, and making decisions. AI can be categorized into two main types: narrow AI, which is designed to perform specific tasks (like virtual assistants and recommendation systems), and general AI, which would be able to perform any intellectual task that a human can do (though this level of AI has not yet been achieved). AI employs various methodologies, including machine learning, deep learning, and neural networks, to analyze vast amounts of data and adapt its functions accordingly. In recent years, AI has grown significantly in relevance and application, influencing numerous sectors such as healthcare, finance, education, and transportation.