Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines programmed to think and learn like humans. These systems are designed to perform tasks that typically require human cognitive functions, such as understanding natural language, recognizing patterns, solving problems, and making decisions. AI encompasses a variety of technologies and approaches, including Machine Learning, where algorithms improve over time through exposure to data, and Deep Learning, which uses neural networks to analyze complex datasets.

AI can be categorized into two main types: narrow AI, which is designed for a specific task, such as virtual assistants or recommendation systems, and general AI, which aims to possess human-like cognitive abilities across various tasks, though this level of AI remains largely theoretical and has not yet been achieved.

Applications of AI can be found across numerous industries, including healthcare, finance, automotive, and entertainment, where it enhances efficiency, accuracy, and decision-making. However, the advancement of AI also raises ethical considerations, such as job displacement, privacy concerns, and the need for responsible deployment and oversight to ensure technology benefits society as a whole.