Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, particularly computer systems. These processes include learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using it), reasoning (the ability to solve problems and make decisions), and self-correction. AI can be categorized into two main types: narrow AI, which is designed and trained for a specific task (such as voice recognition or playing chess), and general AI, which refers to a system that possesses the ability to understand, learn, and apply knowledge in a way that is indistinguishable from a human being.

The development of AI involves various techniques and fields, including Machine Learning, where algorithms enable computers to learn from and make predictions based on data; natural language processing, which allows machines to understand and respond to human language; and robotics, which encompasses the design and operation of robots capable of performing tasks autonomously. As AI continues to advance, it holds the potential to revolutionize industries, enhance productivity, and improve decision-making processes across various sectors, including healthcare, finance, education, and transportation. However, it also raises ethical and societal considerations, such as job displacement, privacy concerns, and the need for responsible use and governance.